Steering the Metal Precursor Location in Pd/Zeotype Catalysts and Its Implications for Catalysis

Bifunctional catalysts containing a dehydrogenation–hydrogenation function and an acidic are widely applied for the hydroconversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks obtained from both fossil renewable resources. It is well known that distance between two functionalities important performance catalyst. In this study, we show heat treatment catalyst precursor can be used to steer location Pd with respect acid sites in SAPO-11 ZSM-22 zeotype materials when ions exchanged Pd(NH3)4(NO3)2. Two sets were prepared based on composite alumina either or ZSM-22. was placed on/in zeotype, followed by calcination-reduction (CR) direct reduction (DR) treatment. Furthermore, binder prepared. CR results having more nanoparticles inside crystals, whereas DR yields particles outer surface crystals as confirmed using HAADF-STEM XPS measurements. The catalytic n-heptane n-hexadecane shows most beneficial maximizing isomer yields. Pd-on-zeotype approach intermediate performances, outperforming their Pd-in-zeotype counterparts approach.